Abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the growth and production efficiency of forage-grain dual-purpose wheat in two arrangements and four agroforestry systems (Intercrop-I and Intercrop-II), as well as to evaluate crop management for the wheat crops in two planting seasons (Crop Season I-2014 and Crop Season II-2015. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, factorial scheme 7x2x2, with seven cultivation systems Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis Intercrop-II and Intercrop-I; Peltophorum dubium Intercrop-II and Intercrop-I; P. rigida Intercrop-I; S. parahyba Intercrop-I; a wheat monoculture with no tree species present; and two harvest management techniques (with and without harvesting of the forage species). Agroforestry systems generated shading for wheat plants, with a higher phyllochron and lower values of leaf area index of those individuals kept under trees with higher crown shading (non-deciduous trees) due to the lower transmissivity of solar radiation. The systems composed with Schizolobium parahyba in Intercrop-I and Parapiptadenia rigida in Intercrop-I provide a minor phyllochron to the wheat, resulting in a higher leaf area index and dry matter yield. Thus, the cultivation of tree species and dual-skilled agricultural crops, such as wheat, provides promising alternatives for the future use of land in tropical countries.

Foi multiplicado in vitro, o abacaxi ornamental Ananas comosus var. erectifolius, induzindo o estiolamento de segmentos nodais com posterior regeneração de brotações. Os eixos caulinares foram inoculados nos meios de cultura: MS sem regulador de crescimento; MS + 10 µM de ácido indolbutírico (AIB); MS + 10 µM de ácido naftalenoacético (ANA); MS + 10 µM de ácido indolacético (AIA), e mantidos no escuro, a 25±2ºC. Aos 60 dias após a inoculação, avaliaram-se número de brotos/explante, número de nós/broto, comprimento de brotos, distância entre os nós e número total de nós/explante. O meio MS + 10 µM de ANA promoveu os maiores valores para número de brotos e número total de nós/explante. Para a regeneração de brotos, foram utilizados segmentos nodais, oriundos de eixo caulinar (explante) estiolados in vitro, contendo dois nós, nos meios: MS sem regulador de crescimento; MS + 4,44 µM de 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP); MS + 8,88 µM de BAP e MS + 13,32 µM de BAP. As culturas foram incubadas sob fotoperíodo de 16 horas, a 25±2ºC. Aos 30 dias, não houve diferença no número de brotos regenerados por nó entre os meios testados, enquanto aos 45 e 60 dias de cultivo, a adição de BAP teve efeito positivo sobre o número de brotos regenerados por nó, quando comparado com o meio sem a adição desta citocinina.

The in vitro multiplication of etiolated nodal segments was evaluated for Ananas comosus var. erectifolius shoots production. Stems were inoculated in the following media: MS without growth regulator; MS + 10 µM of indolbutiric acid (IBA); MS + 10 µM of naphtalenacetic acid (NAA); MS + 10 µM of indolacetic acid (IAA); and stored in darkness at 25±2ºC. 60 days after inoculation, the number of etiolated shoots/stem; number of nodes/etiolated shoot; etiolated shoot length, internode length and total number of nodes/stem were evaluated. The medium MS + 10 µM of NAA showed the highest values of number of etiolated shoots and total number of nodes/etiolated shoot. For shoot regeneration, nodal segments from in vitro etiolated stems with two nodes were inoculated in the following media: MS without growth regulator; MS + 4.44 µM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); MS + 8.88 µM of BA; MS + 13.32 µM of BA. The flasks were incubated under photoperiod of 16 hours, at 25±2ºC. At 30 days of culture, the number of regenerated shoots/explant did not differ in the tested media. At 45 and 60 days of culture, the media with BAP induced higher number of regenerated shoots per node, differing statistically from the control.